ICP-OES测定地球化学样品中La,Y,Ba   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵庆令  武殿喜  唐洪敏  徐兴臣  马强 《山东国土资源》2008,24(2)

水系沉积物、土壤等试样用HF-HC1-HN03-HC1O4混酸消解后,以8%(V/V)HN03溶解干渣,建立了测定地球化学样品中La,Y,Ba 3种微量元素的电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-OES)方法.方法测定限(μg/L,10SD)为:La 6.0,Y 1.0,Ba 1.0.精密度(RSD%,n=11)为:0.20～1.50,经国家一级地球化学标准物质的分析验证,结果与标准值吻合,该方法现已用于区域化探试样的分析.  相似文献   

Impacts of climate variability on stream-flow in the Yellow River     

Guobin Fu  Stephen P. Charles  Neil R. Viney  Shulin Chen  Joan Q. Wu 《水文研究》2007,21(25):3431-3439

This paper examines the impacts of climate variability upon the regional hydrological regimes of the Yellow River in China. Results indicate that the average annual precipitation is 494·8 mm in La Niña years and only 408·8 mm in El Niño years. The difference is 86·0 mm, or 18·8% over the long-term average. The stream-flows in the La Niña years are higher than that in El Niño years: 9·2% at the Lan-Zhou station, 9·5% for Tou-Dao-Guai station, 11·8% for Long-Men, 17·6% for San-Men-Xia, 19·2% at the Hua-Yuan-Hou station, and 22·0% at the Li-Jin station. Both precipitation and stream-flow responses show temporal and spatial patterns. The relationship among the stream-flow, precipitation, and temperature, which was obtained by ArcGIS Geostatistical Analyst based on observed data, indicates stream-flow is sensitive to both precipitation and temperature. For small precipitation increases (less than 13%), the stream-flow percentage change is less than the precipitation change for the Yellow River. The results of this paper can be used as a reference for watershed water resources planning and management to maintain the healthy life and proper function of the river. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Appendicularian assemblages and their space–time variability off the La Plata River,SW Atlantic Ocean     

Mariela L. Spinelli  Patricia Martos  Graciela B. Esnal  Fabiana L. Capitanio 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009

Among tunicates, the small planktonic appendicularians generally comprise a significant fraction of the mesozooplankton of estuarine environments. However, no spatio-temporal studies nor estimation of some ecological parameters such as biomass or pellet production of these organisms have been previously reported in La Plata River estuary. We studied the species composition and abundance as well as biomass and pellet production, associated with the river plume variations using data collected during seven spring (October) cruises. Approximately 80 samples were collected in each cruise with a Pairovet net (200 μm mesh size) trawled vertically through the water column; CTD data profiles were also recorded. Three transects at the north, middle and south of the estuary were performed in order to compare the environmental gradients to the species distribution. The river's discharges varied between years and it was reflected on the salinity distribution. The salinity was the main factor driving species composition. Oikopleura dioica, Oikopleura fusiformis and Fritillaria borealis were found, O. dioica being the dominant one. We detected that O. fusiformis was more abundant in stratified waters between salinities of 31 and 33 mainly during 1994, 1995 and 1996. Fritillaria borealis was found only in salinities higher than 33 and in homogenous waters being more abundant in 1995. This year was singular in the sense that no river plume was observed at the middle transect, as it is shown by the homogenous salinity profiles. Oikopleura dioica was present in stratified waters at all salinity ranges. In 1993, it was more abundant at low salinities with temperatures between 12 and 16 °C and a predominance of juvenile animals was observed. The contribution in biomass and pellet production of O. dioica in the stratified waters of this front was very high (27.91–66.58 g C m⁻² d⁻¹) revealing their importance in the estuary's carbon cycle.  相似文献   

Influence of El Nino/La Nina on the western winter spring cohort of neon flying squid (Ommastrephes bartramii) in the northwestern Pacific Ocean     

Chen  Xin Jun; Zhao  Xiao Hu; Chen  Yong 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2007,64(6):1152-1160

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太平洋海面粗糙度的计算及在ENSO期间的变化     

过杰  郭佩芳  周良明 《海洋科学》2006,30(6):87-91

利用TOPEX高度计风速资料,实现了对太平洋海面粗糙度(z0)的计算。1997~1999年正是厄尔尼诺与拉尼娜事件发生时期,作者研究了1997~1999年z0在ENSO期间的变化后发现:(1)EI Nion发生期间赤道附近z0最大值在A,C,B 3个站点上移动;最小值在B,A 2个站点上移动。(2)Li Nina发生期间赤道附近z0最小值在A站点,最大值主要在B站点上。Li Nina发生期间,1999年15个站点z0均大于正常年份和EI Nion发生期间的15个站点z0。(3)ENSO期间,四季z0与正常年份相比都有显著改变。  相似文献   

反厄尔尼诺事件的个例分析     

李若钝  邹娥梅  孙瑞本  刘丽惠 《热带海洋学报》1993,(2)

根据“中美热带西太平洋海-气相互作用联合考察”1—8航次考察资料、美国NOAA、日本气象厅及我国国家气象中心气候资料室提供的SST、水位和风场等资料,对1988—1989年反厄尔尼诺事件(La Nina)形成及发展过程和热带西太平洋海洋上层热结构的相互变化作了综合分析。文章指出在La Nina事件期间,热带太平洋的海、气参数均发生了相应的变化。热带西太平洋温跃层及热含量(0—150m)作出的响应,显示出当La Nina增强时,温跃层下降,热含量增加;La Nina盛期时,温跃层最深,热含量最大;La Nina减弱时,温跃层上升,热含量减小。它们与厄尔尼诺事件(El Nino)的关系则恰好相反。  相似文献   

Benthic macrofauna–habitat associations in Willapa Bay, Washington, USA   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Steven P. Ferraro  Faith A. Cole 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2007,71(3-4):491-507

Estuary-wide benthic macrofauna–habitat associations in Willapa Bay, Washington, United States, were determined for 4 habitats (eelgrass [Zostera marina], Atlantic cordgrass [Spartina alterniflora], mud shrimp [Upogebia pugettensis], ghost shrimp [Neotrypaea californiensis]) in 1996 and 7 habitats (eelgrass, Atlantic cordgrass, mud shrimp, ghost shrimp, oyster [Crassostrea gigas], bare mud/sand, subtidal) in 1998. Most benthic macrofaunal species inhabited multiple habitats; however, 2 dominants, a fanworm, Manayunkia aestuarina, in Spartina, and a sand dollar, Dendraster excentricus, in subtidal, were rare or absent in all other habitats. Benthic macrofaunal Bray–Curtis similarity varied among all habitats except eelgrass and oyster. There were significant differences among habitats within- and between-years on several of the following ecological indicators: mean number of species (S), abundance (A), biomass (B), abundance of deposit (AD), suspension (AS), and facultative (AF) feeders, Swartz's index (SI), Brillouin's index (H), and jackknife estimates of habitat species richness (HSR). In the 4 habitats sampled in both years, A was about 2.5× greater in 1996 (a La Niña year) than 1998 (a strong El Niño year) yet relative values of S, A, B, AD, AS, SI, and H among the habitats were not significantly different, indicating strong benthic macrofauna–habitat associations despite considerable climatic and environmental variability. In general, the rank order of habitats on indicators associated with high diversity and productivity (high S, A, B, SI, H, HSR) was eelgrass = oyster ≥ Atlantic cordgrass ≥ mud shrimp ≥ bare mud/sand ≥ ghost shrimp = subtidal. Vegetation, burrowing shrimp, and oyster density and sediment %silt + clay and %total organic carbon were generally poor, temporally inconsistent predictors of ecological indicator variability within habitats. The benthic macrofauna–habitat associations in this study can be used to help identify critical habitats, prioritize habitats for environmental protection, index habitat suitability, assess habitat equivalency, and as habitat value criteria in ecological risk assessments in Willapa Bay.  相似文献   

Comparison of volcanic rifts on La Palma and El Hierro, Canary Islands and the Island of Hawaii     

J. Acosta  E. Uchupi  D. Smith  A. Muñoz  P. Herranz  C. Palomo  P. Llanes  M. Ballesteros 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2003,24(1-2):59-90

The meso-scale (km) morphology of the well-studied volcanic rift zones on the Island of Hawaii is compared to the morphology of the lesser known rift zones of La Palma and El Hierro, Canary Islands. We find that there are both differences and similarities in their morphologic characteristics. In general, the rift zones on La Palma and El Hierro are shorter (a few tens of km in length) than those on Hawaii (ranging up to >100 km in length), perhaps reflecting both magma supply and composition. Many of the rift zones on Hawaii have well defined axial zones, both on-and offshore. In contrast, the rift zones on La Palma and El Hierro display various geometries ranging from linear ridges having smooth to irregular crests to structures with a broad fan-like morphology in plan view. The pronounced fanning may be a reflection of: 1) the stress field within the rift being insufficient to trap dikes within a narrow region, 2) dike injection and volcanism shifting laterally through time, 3) volcanoes building nearly one atop of another in the Canary Islands, superimposing the stress field of one structure on the other and thus yielding a more complex distribution of gravitational stresses, and 4) low rate of magma supply producing low magma pressures and thus randomly oriented dike injections. Irregularities and curvature along the axes of the rifts on La Palma and El Hierro may be a reflection of differences in the rate of magma production. Unlike the volcanoes on the Island of Hawaii there may be insufficient volumes of lavas erupted on La Palma and El Hierro to smooth out irregularities. The superposition of rifts from different volcanoes may also add to topographic irregularities in the Canary Islands, especially if eruption rates are low.  相似文献   

The responses of CO_2 to El Nino and La Nina in different seasons along 22°-18°N line     

马黎明  乔然 《海洋预报》2001,18(Z1)

1 INTRoDUcTIONThe study results from Nov. 1986 to Aug. 1990 in sea area (ll5"E - 165"E, 20"N -l0"S) during TOGA experiments, indicated that there were outstanding responses of differenceof partial pressure of CO, between sea and air (APCO,) and total dissolved concentrationof CO, (TCO,) to El Nino and La Nina in NW region of the Western Tropical Pacific,including the cruise lines from ll4ofy 22"N to l30"E, l8"N and that from l8"N to 8"N,along l30"E. The characteristics of dis…  相似文献   

青岛和烟台滨海海、气温差的时间变化     

王少文  薛德强  赵绪孔 《海洋科学进展》1994,(2)

本文根据近３０ａ来青岛和烟台逐月气温及滨海水温资料，分析了青岛和烟台海、气温差的时间变化，发现秋、冬季节南岸青岛海、气温差大于北岸烟台；春、夏季则相反．通常当年平均或季平均气温为负距平时，年平均或冬季平均海、气温差为正距平，而夏季平均海、气温差为负距平，对于ＥｌＮｉｎｏ及反ＥｌＮｉｎｏ年结论与之相反．  相似文献